LatAm Digital Edition and Gazetteer

C H U

466 C H U

of Key in Brazil. It runs s. and turning e. enters the lake Mini.

Same name, a settlement of this province (Rey) ; situate on the sea-coast, and lying between this and the lake Mini.

CHUIGOTES. See Chiugotob.

CHUILLE, a river of the province and government ot Darien in the kingdom of Tierra Firme. It has its source in the mountains towards the e. runs n. e. and enters the river Tarena.

CHUIRIEUI, a river of the province and government of Paraguay. It runs n. and enters the Iguy near the mission of San Miguel.

CHULK, a small port or creek of the coast of the S. sea, in the province and corregimiento of Arequipa. It is shallow, insecure, and exposed to the ,v. w. winds.

==CHULIHUCANI, a settlement of tlie province and government of Potosi in Peru.

CHULINA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Larecaja in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Charazani.

CHULISANA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Andahuailas in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Cachi.

CHULUMANI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cicasica in Peru.

Same name, a river of the above province (Cicasica), which rises at the end of the cordillera of Ancuma, begins its course to the e. and forming a large bend towards the n. enters the Beni just at its source, and where it keeps the name of the Chuquiavo.

CHUMA, a river of the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, which flows down from the mountains of Bogota. It waters the territory of Merida, passing opposite the city, and enters through the s. side into the lake of Maracaybo.

Same name, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Larecaja in Peru.

CHUMATLAN, a settlement of the head settlenidnt of Zozocoles, and alculdia mayor of Papantla, in Nueva Espana. It is situate at the top of an higli mountain, and from it may be seen all the settlements belonging to this jurisdiction. Its population amounts to 183 families of Indians, and it lies to the n. of its head settlement, three leagues distant from this, and 14 from the capital.

CHUMBE, a village of the province and corregimiento of Cuenca in the kingdom of Quito. It is to the xd. of Tarqui, and on the w. shore of one of the torrents rising in fhe river Paute. Not far from it are some excellent hot baths, of which no use is made. LHere the stately melastoma and the embothriuin are growing at an elevation of 12,000 feet, according to Humboldt, who visited this village in 1802. Lat. 3° 10' s.]

CHUMBES, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Vilcas Huaman in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Vizchongo.

CHUMBI, a settlement of the province and corof Parinacochas in Peru, where there is a pious sanctuary, with an excellent painting of the blessed virgin, said to have been given by a pontitf to the curate of this settlement when he was at Rome.

CHUMBICHA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Tucuman in Peru; situate to the w. of the valley of San Fernando de Catainarca.

CHUMBICOS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Piura in Peru ; situate on the shore of a small river of the same name.

CHUMBILLA, a mountain of the province and corregimiento of Huamanga in Peru ; celebrated for a rich silver mine. It lies three leagues from a small settlement called Canaria, which is at present abandoned and deserted.

CHUMBIVILCAS, a province and corregimiento of Peru. It is bounded n. by the province of Quispicanchialgo, and by that of Chilques and Masques on the n. w. ; by those of Cotabamba and Aymaraez on the jr. ; by that of Condcsuyos de Arequipa on the s . ; and on the e. by that of Canes and Cauches. Its temperature is for the most part cold, although in some places temperate, so that it produces the fruits peculiar to either climate ; such as wheat, barley, maize, papas, and other seeds, though none in abundance, but plenty of neat cattle. In this province are found the lofty and vast snowy mountains called Condesuyos del Cuzco. It lies on the boundaries of the province of Parinacocha, being separated from it by the river which flows down from the province of Camana. Here much cloth peculiar to the country is manufactured ; and in its district are many mouths of gold and silver mines, the mounds and pits of which, together with the remains of several mills for working metal, indicate that in former times they were probably worked to no small advantage. They gather here a great quantity of Cochineal, which is called macno, with which cloths are dyed of very fine colours. It has likewise fountains and mineral streams of hot water, and is subject to earthquakes. Its repartimento used to amount to 85,800 dollars, and its alcavala to 685 dollars per annum. Its inhabitants, including the district of Condesuyos, amount to 16,000 souls, who live in the 22 following settlements :

C H U

C H U

467

Belille, Ayacasi, Libitaco, Tofora, Palaqueua, Alahamaca, Toro, Asicnto de Quivio, Colquemarca, Yanqui, Capacmarca, Cancahuana, Llauzeo, Caspi, Quinota, Santo Tomas, Alca, Piiica, Tomipampaj Cotahuassi, Qnillunza, Cupi.

CHUMEHE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cuenca in the kingdom of Quito.

CHUMPULL, a settlement of the district and province of Toltenbaxo in the kingdom of Chile; situate near the sea-coast in the point of Tiraha.

Same name, a river of this province (Toltenbaxo), which runs n. n. w. and enters the Callacalla.

CHUNANAS, an ancient nation of Indians of the province of Cuzco in Peru. It was subjected and made tributary to the empire by the Inca Huaynacapac, thirteenth Monarch of Peru.

CHUNCARA, a settlement of the corregimiento of Cuzco in Peru ; one of those which have remained in this kingdom from the time of the Incas. It was the boundary or extent of the conquests of Sinchiroca, eleventh Emperor, and he left at it a strong garrison to guard against invasion from the neighbouring people. Twenty leagues from its capital.

CHUNCHANGA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Yea in Peru.

CHUNCHI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chimbo in the kingdom of Quito ; lying between the rivers Alausi to the n. and Pomallacta to the w.

Same name, another settlement of the province and government of Jaen de Bracamoros in the same kingdom. It is entirely of Indians, of an hot climate, atid in its territory towards the n. and towards the e. are some gold mines, which were in former times worked, but to-day abandoned. Its situation is between the rivers Patacones to the e. and Chinchipe to the w. upon the high road which leads from Loyola to Tomependa.

CHUNCHILEA, a river of the district of Guadalabquen in the kingdom of Chile. It runs n. n. w. and enters the Callacalla.

CHUNCHIPE, a river of the province and government of Jaen de Bracamoros in the kingdom of Quito. It runs s. and forming a bend towards the e. enters theMaranon.

CHUNCHOS, a barbarous nation of Indians, of the province and government of Tarma in Peru, and much dreaded by the Spaniards, on account of the repeated incursions made by those savages on their possessions. In Lima they are in a continal state of fear and apprehension of some sudden attack from these enemies ; for in 1742 they took and destroyed several settlements and estates, killing many Franciscan monks who were missionaries amongst them. They were, however, once attacked by the brigadier, the Marquis de Mena Hermosa, general of Callao, who constructed some forts, which are still served with artillery and troops sufficient to protect them. These Indians have a chief or prince, called the chuncho, descended, according to their accounts, from the royal race of the Incas, who would fain lay claim to the monarchy of Peru as his right; and accordingly, in 1744, represented to the Marquis of Villa Garcia, not without great threats, his intention of doing himself justice by force of arms : he is a Catholic, and has added to h is own honours the title of King of Peru ; he was brought up at Lima amongst the Spaniards as the son of a cazique, where he was instructed in the rules of government, policy, and military tactics, which he introduced into his own country, and made known the use of swords and fire-arms. He went to Rome disguised as a menial, was introduced to the court of Madrid, where he kissed the hand of King Philip V. and the foot of the Pontiff Clement XII. He has two sons well instructed and equal in mental energies. These Chuiichos Indians are numerous, and live, some of them, in villages, and others scattered over the mountains and in the woods ; they maintain a secret correspondence with the "Indians of all the other settlements of Peru and Quito, as well as with the Christians and infidels inhabiting the forests where missions are established ; by tliis means they know vvhat is passing in all the provinces, cities, and settlements, &c. Many Indians who are malcontents, or fugitives from justice on account oferimeordebt, invariably betake themselves to the Chunchos, and this is the reason why this nation is so very populous. The viceroy of Peru uses the greatest precautions, and is continually on the alert against any movements of the Chunchos or other Indians, and keeps a garrison of good troops upon his frontiers.

CHUNCHURI, an ancient province of Peru in Las Charcas. It is small, and its natives were the most valorous and hardy of any in the kingdom. The Inca Roca, fourth Emperor, subjected them, having attacked them with 30,000 of his best troops.

CHUNGUI, a settlement of the province Huamanga.

3 o 2

468

C H U

C H U

corregimiento of Huamanga in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Anco.

CHUNIANIS, a barbarous nation of Indians of the lands of Magellan, in the vicinity of the straits of Magellan. It is a tribe descended from the Huyellanes. They are numerous and ferocious ; the men and women go entirely naked ; their arms are bows and arrows, the latter being pointed with well-filed flints ; they are robust, of great strength, and fine appearance. Some travellers pretend that these are the fabulous giants of whom so many have written.

CHUPA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Asangaro in Peru.

Same name, a very lofty mountain of the province and government of Veragua in the kingdom of Tierra Firme, to the s. of the capital, midway betw'cen the coasts of the two seas.

CHUPACHOS, a river of Peru, which flows down from the mountains of the Andes. It rises from the lake Patancocho, in lat. 10° 4P s . ; washes the country of the Chupachos Indians, from whence it takes its name, and finishes its course by emptying itself into the Mollobamba, on the®, side, in lat. 7° 21' s.

CHUPAN, a settlement of the province and corregbniento of Huamalies in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Banos.

CHUPANA, a river of the province and government of Mainas in the kingdom of Quito. It rises iu the cordillera of the Andes, to the n. of the city of Guanuco in Peru, and after collecting the waters of several other rivers in its protracted course, enters the river Maranon in a very broad stream.

CHUPAS, an extensive valley or plain of the province and corregimiento of Huamanga in Peru, near to the city. It is celebrated for the battle which was fought here by the Licentiate Baca de Castro, of the royal council of Castille, governor of Peru, on the 16th September 1542, against the army of the rebels commanded by Diego de Almagro the younger, and son of the conqueror of the same name, when the latter was routed and taken prisoner with the loss of more than 700 men.

Same name, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Canta in the same kingdom ; annexed to the curacy of Pari.

CHUPE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cicasica in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Y anacache.

CHUQUI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Calca and Lares in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of of Lares.

2

Same name, settlement, in the province and corregimiento of Yamparaes, not far from the town of Potosi.

CHUQUIABO. See PAZ.

CHUQUIBAMBA, a settlement and capital of the province and corregimiento of Condesuyos de Arequipa in Peru. It is of a cold and unpleasant temperature, and lies four leagues from Camana.

Same name, another settlement, in the province and corregimiento of Cochabamba in Peru.

Same name, another settlement, in the province and corregimiento of Chachapoyas, of the same kingdom.

CHUQUICARA, a river of the province and corregimiento of Guamachuco. It rises in the same province, and enters the river Santa, changing its own name to this, immediately that it touche* the boundary of this jurisdiction, which it divide* from those of Truxillo and Guamachuco.

CHUQUICHAMBI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Charangas, archbishopric of Charcas in Peru.

CHUQUICOTA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Carangas, and the archbishopric of Charcas, in Peru.

CHUQUILLA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Lipas, and archbishopric of Charcas, in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of San Christoval.

CHUQUl-MAGU, a river of Peru. It rises in the mountains of Jaen de Bracamoros, of the kingdom of Quito, and after laving the territory of the corregimiento ofPiura, enters the S. sea.

CHUQUINGA, a settlement close to that of Nasca, and nearly upon the shore of the river Amancay, where there is a narrow pass, through which two men cannot without great difficulty go abreast ; for on one side rises the mountain nearly perpendicular, and on the other is a precipice which runs into the river ; this is the spot where a signal victory was obtained by the rebel Francisco Hernandez Giron, in 1554, against the Brigadier Alonzo de Alvarado, both of them leaders of factions, maintaining the separate interests enkindled in the civil wars of Peru.

Same name, another settlement, in the province and corregimiento of Aymaraez, also in Peru.

CHUQUIRIBAMBA, a large settlement of Indians, of the province and corregimiento of Loxa in the kingdom of Quito ; on the shore of a small river which enters the Catamayu, on which account some maintain that it is the origin of the latter. It is surrounded by a beautiful and fertile

C H U

C H U

4G9

territory, where the noble families of Loxa have their best possessions.

CHUQUIS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Huamalies in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Bailos.

CHUQUISACA, La Plata, a city and capital of the province of Peru, founded by Pedro Anzures in 1539, who gave it this name. It had a settlement of Indians on the same spot. The first founders called it La Plata, from the celebrated mine of this metal (silver) in the mountain of Porco, close to the aforesaid settlement, and from whence immense wealth was extracted by the emperors the Jncas of Peru. This city is situate on a plain surrounded by pleasant hills, which defend it from the inclemency of the winds ; the climate is mild and agreeable, but during the winter, dreadful tempests, accompanied with thunder and lightning, are not unusual ; the edifices are good, handsome, and well adorned, having delightful orchards and gardens. The waters are delicate, cold, and salutary, and divided into different aqueducts, by which they are carried to the public fountains, forming an object at once useful and ornamental. Its nobility is of the first and most distinguished families of Peru, who have many privileges and distinctions. The cathedral consists of three naves ; it is very rich, and adorned with fine furniture and beautiful paintings. It contains convents of the religious orders of St. Domingo, St. Augustin, St. Francis, La Merced, and San Juan de Dios, with a good hospital, a handsome college and a magnificent church which belonged to the regulars of the company ; also three monasteries of nuns, the one of Santa Clara, the other of Santa Monica, and the third of the Carmelites ; a royal university with the title of San Francisco Xavier, the rector of which was universally of the college of the regulars of the company of the Jesuits. It has also two houses of study for youth, the one the seminary of San Christoval, and the other the college of San Juan, which were likewise under the controul of the Jesuits until the year 1767 ; also an hermitage dedicated to San Roque. It was erected into a bishopric by the pontiff Julius III. in 1551, and afterwards into a metropolitan in 1608, with an archbishop, five dignitaries, six canons, four prebends, and as many more demi-prebends. The tribunal of audience was erected here in 1559, and afterwards those of the inquisition of the cruzada. Its arms are a shield divided horizontally, having in the upper part two mountains with a cross upon each, in the middle a tree with two columns on the sides, in the lower part to the left two lions rampant,

on the right two towers with two lions, a standard being in the middle, and the whole embossed upon a silver field. At the distance of six leagues from this city passes the river Pilcoraayu, by which it is supplied with good fish, and upon the shores of the Cachimayu, which is only two leagues distant, the nobility have many rural seats. In 1662 a great insurrection took place here amongst the Mustees and the people of colour. It is the native place of several illustrious persons, and amongst others of the following :

Don Rodrigo de Orozco, Marquis of Mortara, captain-general of the principality of Cataluna, and of the council of state and war.

Fra}/ Antonio de Calancha, a monk of St. Augustin, a celebrated author.

Don Rodrigo de Santillana, oidor of Valladolid, and afterwards in his country.

The venerable Friar Martin de Aguirre, of the order of St. Augustin.

Don Alonso Corveda de Zarate, canon of Lima, and professor of languages.

The Father Maestro Diego Trexo, a Dominican monk.

The Father Juan de Cordoba, of the extinguished company of Jesuits, a celebrated theologist.

Its archbishopric has for suffragans, the bishoprics of Santa (3ruz de la Sierra, La Paz, Tucuman, and La Ascencion of Paraguay ; and to its diocese belong 188 curacies. Its inhabitants in and about it amount to 13,000, of which 4000 are Spaniards, 3000 Mustees, 4500 Indians, and 15,000 Negroes and Mulattoes. It is 290 leagues from Cuzco, in lat. 19° 31' s.

Archbishops of the church of La Plata.

1. Don Frau Tomas de San Martin, a monk of the order of St. Dominic, a master in his order, and one of the first monks who passed over into Peru with the Friar Vicente de Valverde; he W 2 is provincial there, returned to Spain with the Licentiate Pedro de la Gasca, and as a reward for his labours, presented by the king to the first archbishopric of Charcas, in 1553: he died in 1559.

2. Don Fraj/ Pedro de la Torre, who was elected, but not consecrated ; and in his place,

3. Don Fray Alonso de la Cerda.

4. Don Fernan Gonzalez de la Cuesta, who laid the foundation of the cathedral church.

5. Don Fray Domingo de Santo Tomas, of the order of St. Dominic, a noted preacher, and one of those who went over to Peru with the Fray Vicente Valverde ; he was prior in different convents, and general visitor of his order in those kingdoms.

6. Don Fernando de Santillana, native of Se-

470

C H U

C H U

villa, president of the courts of chancery of Granada and Valladolid, elected bishop ; he died in Lima before he took possession.

7. Don Alonso Ramirez Granero, and not Pedro, as Gil Gonzalez will have it ; a native of V illaescusa in the bishopric of Cuenca, a collegiate of this city, dean of the church of Guadix, and Jiscal of the inquisition of Mexico ; elected archbishop in 1574 ; he governed until 1578.

8. Don Frai/ Juan de Vivero, native of Valladolid, of the order of St. Augustin ; he passed over to Peru, was prior of his convent of Lima, presented to the archbishopric .of Cartagena of the Indies, and to this archbishopric ; but these dignities he would not accept ; he returned to Spain, and died in his convent of Toledo.

9. Don Alonso Ramirez de Vergara, native of Segura de Leon, collegiate in Malaga, Alcala, and Salamanca, professor of arts, and canon of Malaga ; he was presented to the archbishopric of Charcas in 1594, and died in 1 603.

10. Don Fra^ Luis Lopez de Solis, native of Salamanca, of the order of St. Augustin ; he passed over into Peru, where he was master of his religious order, professor of theology, prior provincial, and qualificator of the inquisition; he was promoted to the church of Quito, and to this metropolitan see.

11. Don Fra?y Ignacio de Loyola, a monk of the barefooted order of St. Francis ; he was commissary in the province of Pilipinas, and on his return to Spain elected archbishop of Charcas.

12. Don Alonso de Peralta, native of Arequipa, archdeacon and inquisitor of Mexico, and archbishop of Charcas, where he died.

13. Don Frn^ Geronimo de Tiedra, native of Salamanca, of the order of St. Domingo ; he was prior of his convent, and preacher to the king, and archbishop of Charcas in 1616.

14. Don Fernando Arias de Ugarte, native of Santa Fe of Bogota, of whom we have treated in the catalogue of the bishops of Quito ; he passed over from the archbishopric of Santa Fe to this in 1630.

15. Don Francisco de Sotomayor.

16. Don FVr/y Francisco de Borja, of the order of San Benito, master in the university of Salamanca, and professor of theology ; elected bishop of Charcas in 1634.

17. Don Fru7/ Pedro de Oviedo, of the order of San Benito, native of Madrid ; he studied arts and theoloijy in Alcala, was abbot of the monastery of S. Cloclio, and difinidor of his order ; he was promoted from the bishopric of Quito to this archbishopric in 1645 : he died in 1649.

18. Don Juan Alonso de Ocon, native of La Roja, collegiate-major of San Ildefonso in Alcala, doctor and professor of theology, curate of Elechosa in the archbishopric of Toledo, and of the parish of Santa Cruz of Madrid ; he was promoted from the church of Cuzco to this of La Plata.

19. Don Fray Gaspar de Villaroel, of the order of St. Augustin, native of Riobamba ; he studied in the royal university of Lima, and with the reputation of being very learned, of which, indeed, his works bear testimony ; he was promoted from the church of Arequipa to this in 1658.

20. Don Bernardo de Izaguirre, native of Toledo ; he was fiscal of the inquisition of Cartagena and of Lima, and was promoted from the church of Cuzco to this metropolitan see.

21. Don Fray Alonso de la Cerda, of the order of preachers, native of Lima, provincial of his order, bishop of Honduras ; from whence he was promoted to this church.

22. Don Melchor de Lilian and Cisneros, native of Tordelaguna, of Avhom we speak in the catalogue of the bishops of Santa Marta ; he was removed from the bishopric of Popayan in 1672, governed until 1678, when he was promoted to the metropolitan see of Lima.

23. Don Bartolome Gonzalez de Poveda, who became archbishop, and governed until 1692.

24. Don Fray Diego Morcillo Rubio de Aunon, of the bishopric of La Paz in 1711, where he remained until 1724, when he was promoted to the archbishopric of Lima.

25. Don Francisco Luis Romero, promoted from the archbishopric of Quito ; he governed until 1725.

26. Don Alonso del Pozo and Silva, of the bishopric of Santiago of Chile.

27. Don Agustin Delgado, in 1743 ; governed until 1746.

28. Don Salvador Bermudez, from the aforesaid year ; governed until 1747.

29. Don Gregorio de Molleda y Clerque, of the bishopric of Truxillo, in 1748 ; he governed until 1758, when he died.

30. Don Cayetano Marcellano y Agramont, of the bishopric of Buenos Ayres, in 1758 ; he governed until 1761, when he died.

31. Don Pedro de Argandoua, promoted in the above year ; he governed until 1776, when he died.

32. Don Francisco Ramon de Herboso, who governed from 1776 to 1784.

33. Don Arqy Joseph Antonio de San Alberto, who governed in 178.5.

CHUQUISONGO, San Pedro de, a settlement