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der of Santiago, a commander of tlie galleons; he was deposed and sent to Spain for having married without a licence; and in his place the audience of Santa Fe nominated as provisional governor,
32. Don Francisco Rexe Corbalan, until arrived the right owner in,
33. Don Clemente Soriano, colonel of militia, in 1616 ; he died in the following year.
34. Don Pedro Zapata, colonel of militia, of the order of Santiago ; nominated as governor jyro tempore in 1648.
35. Don Fernando de la Riva Agiicro, of the order of Santiago, a field-officer, being governor of Puertorico ; he entered Cartagena in 1649, and was promoted to the presidency of Panama in 1634.
36. Don Pedro Zapata, twice nominated as proprietor in the aforesaid year ; but dying, his place was filled pro tempore by,
37. Don Francisco Rexe Corbalan.
38. Don Juan Perez de Guzman, of the habit of Santiago, a field-officer, and governor of Antioquia ; nominated provisionally, and afterwards appointed to the government of Puertorico.
39. Don Diego de Portugal, colonel of militia, knight of the order of Alcantara; nominated in 1659, through the circumstance of Don Fernando Agiiero being appointed governor of Cartagena in Cadiz.
40. The Licentiate Don Manuel Martin de Palomeque, nominated by the king ; he afterwards became oidor of St. Domingo.
41 . Don Juan Perez de Guzman, the second time nominated as proprietor; he entered in 1661, and was removed to the presidency of Panama in 1664.
42. Don Benito de Figueroa Barrantes, of the habit of Alcantara, a field-officer ; he went as governor of Larache in Africa in 1665, and from thence to be president of Panama.
43. Don Joseph Sanchez Xiraenez, who was governor of the island of Santa Catalina, nominated to this government, which he did not exercise, having been found poniarded and killed in his bed.
44. Don Antonio de Vergara Azearate, knight of the order of Santiago, nominated previously in 1668.
45. Don Pedro de Ulloa Ribadeneyra, of the onler of Santiago ; nominated in 1669.
46. Don Joseph Daza, general of the artillery.
47. Don Rafael Caspir y Sanz, colonel of militia, native of Tortosa, nominated in 1678 ; in whose time happened those weighty disputes with the bishop Don Antonio de Benavides; he was succeeded by,
48. Don Juan de Pando y Estrada, a field-officer ; w ho took possession in 1684.
49. Don Martin de Ceballos y la Cerda, in 1686.
50. Don Diego de los Rios, a field-officer ; in his time happened the sacking and taking of Cartagena by the French, in 1695.
51. Don Juan Diaz Pimienta, knight of the order of Caltrava, a field-officer, gentleman of the cluamberto the Emperor Leopold, of the house of the Marquises of Villareal, noted for his valour and military conduct in the siege of Buda, where he was wounded ; nominated as governor to console the afflicted natives of Cartagena, taking with him a certain number of Spansih troops from the kingdom of Galicia ; he entered in 1696, died in 1706.
52. Don Joseph de Zuniga y la Cerda, of no less credit than the former ; he was governor of Florida at the time that he w'as elected to this, in 1712, and which he exercised until 1718, when he returned to Spain in the unlucky fleet of Antonio Ubilla, which was lost in the channel of Bahama, the frigate in which he sailed being the only vessel saved.
53. Don Alberto de Bertodano, a renowned brigadier in Flanders, where he had lost an arm in action ; he was nominated in 1720, and exercised the government until his death, in 1722.
54. Don Luis de Aponte, colonel of the regiment of the crown, afterwards brigadier, an officer of the greatest skill and renown of any in the array ; he was nominated in 1723, and exercised the government until his death.
55. Don Juan Joseph de Andia, Marquis of Villaherraosa, brigadier-general; nominated through the death of the general ; he entered Cartagena in 1712, and governed till 1730, when he was promoted to the presidency of Panama.
56. Don Antonio de Salas, who had becui colonel of the regiment of infantry of Saboya ; he e.utered in 173i, and died in 1735.
57. Don Pedro Fidalgo, brigadier and captain of the royal Spanish guards ; promoted to this government in 1736 : he died in 1739.
58. Don Melchor de Navarrete, who was king^s lieutenant ; he entered as provisional governor through the death of the proprietor : in his time the town was besieged by the English until the arrival of the right owner,
59. Don Basilio de Gante ; who had risen <o the rank of brigadier, at that time king’s lieutenant of the fortified town of Ceuta, when he was promoted to the government of this, in 1742 : he exercised it till 1739, when he returned to Spain.
60. Don Ignacio de Sala, lieutenant-general, ua-
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tive of Barcelana, a celebrated engineeer; also renowned in the constructing of the land-gate or entrance to Cadiz : he was promoted to this government for the purpose of inspecting and repairing the towers which had been destroyed by Admiral Vernon, which commission, after he had executed, he returned to Spain in 1755, and died directorgeneral of the body of engineers.
61. Don Fernando Morillo Velarde, knight of the order of Alcantara, colonel of infantry, at that time king’s lieutenant, when he received the government on account of the proprietor having gone to fortify the town of Portobelo.
62. Don Diego Tabares, knight of the order of Santiago, brigadier-general ; promoted to this government from that of Camana in 1755, and governed till 1761, when arrived his successor,
63. Don Joseph de Sobremonte, Marquis of this name, a brigadier, who was captain of the regiment of Spanish guards when he was nominated : he governed till 1770, when he died.
64. Don Gregorio de Sierra, also captain of grenadiers of the express regiment of Spanish guards ; he entered Cartagena in 1771, and died in 1774.
65. Don Juan Pimienta, colonel of the regiment of the infantry of Zamora, in rank a brigadier, and knight of the distinguished order of Charles III. ; he entered into the possession of the government in 1774, and died in 1781.
66. Don Roque de Quiroga, king’s lieutenant of the fortified town, or Plaza ; promoted as provincial governor through the death of his antecessor, until arrived, under the king’s appointment, the proprietor,
67. Don Joseph de Carrion y Andrade, a brigadier, who before had been governor of the Plaza of Manilla, and had rendered himself renowned when it was besieged by the Emperor of Marruecos, being nominated to this government in 1774 : he died in 1785.
Cartagena, a river of the province and government of Choco : it rises in the mountains of this province nearthe settlement of Noanama, and enters the sea imimediately at the cape of Corrientes.
Cartagena, a plain of the province and corregimiento of Maule in the kingdom of Chile, close to the port of San Antonio.
CARTAGO, a city of the province and government of Popayan, founded by the Brigadier George Robledo in 1540, who gave it this name, with the dedicatory title of San Juan, his patron; the greater part of the military in it having come from the city of Cartagena in Europe. It did lie between the rivers Otun and Quindio; but the
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continual invasions it has experienced from the Pijaos and Pimaes Indians, who are a bold and warlike people, determined its inhabitants to remove it at the end of the I7th century to the spot where it now stands ; having bought for that purpose some land of Tomasa Izquierdo, on the bank of an arm of the river of La Vieja, which is a large stream, and navigable for canoes and rafts, and which is at the distance of rather better than a quarter of a mile from the large river Cauca, into which the above river enters, forming before the city an island, which abounds in animals of the chase, and in cattle, and having on its banks excellent fishing. This city is of a dry and healthy climate ; and although hot, the atmosphere is always clear and serene. It is situate upon a level and somewhat elevated plain , of beautiful appearance ; the streets are spacious, wide and straight. It has a very large grand square. Its buildings are solid and of good structure, and universally roofed over with straw, having, however, the walls of solid stone from the top to the bottom ; others are built of brick, and others with rafters of wood, the walls being of clay, (which they call imbulidoSy or inlaid), so solid as to resist the force of the most violent earthquakes, as was experienced in one that happened in 1785. At a small distance from the city are various lakes or pools of water, which they call denegas, formed by nature, assisted by art. It is the residence of the lieutenant-governor of the government of Popayan, of two ordinary alcaldes, two of La Hermandad, two member* of an inferior court, a recorder, a procurator-general, a major domo de propiosy and six regidors^ the cabildo enjoying the privilege of electing and confirming these officers yearly. It has also a battalion of city militia, and two disciplined companies ; also some royal cofiers, which were brought from the city of Anserma. Besides the church of Matriz, in which is venerated, as the patroness, the Holy Virgin, under the image of Nuestra Senora de la Paz, (this being the pious gift of Philip III.) it has five parishes, viz. Santa Ana, Santa Barbara, Llano de Buga, Naranjo, Micos, and Pueblo de los Cerritos. The territory is extremely fertile and pleasant, abounding as well in fruits and pulse as in birds of various sorts ; and in no part whatever are plantains so various, or of so fine a quality. Tlie coffee is good, and the cacao, which is of two sorts, is excellent, and is called yellow and purple hayna. Of no less estimation is the tobacco, with which a great traffic was formerly carried on at Choco. The district of this city abounds in trees, medicinal herbs and fruits, and in an exquisite variety of cacao plants; also
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in beautiful singing birds ; and in its rivers are many sorts of fish of a fine flavour, particularly the patah. It is not without mines of gold, and laba~ deros or washing places, but these are not worked, save by a few day-labourers. In the church of the monks of San Francisco is venerated an image of the most Holy Mary, with the title of La Probezuy painted on a piece of cotton-stuff, adorned with two fine pieces of silver, the natives payitig great devotion to this superb work, from the wonderful things that have been said to have been effected through the prayers offered up to her of whom this is the semblance. This city has been the native place of,
Don Melchor de Salazar, governor of Choco, and founder of the city Toro.
Of the Doctor Don Francisco Martinez Bueno, presbyter and visitor of the bishopric of Popayan ; a man of great literature.
Of the Doctor Don Manuel de Castro y Rada ; a most exemplary curate.
Of the Father Joseph Vicuna, who, after having been a celebrated Jesuit, became a monk in the college of missions for propagating the faith in Popayan, and died whilst preaching to the Andaquies Indians.
Of the Father Estevan de Rivas, who, after having filled the title of jurist with great credit, became a Franciscan monk, and died an exemplary penitent in his convent at Cartagena.
Of the Doctor Don Francisco Felipe del Campo, professor de prima of canons in the university of Santa Fe ; a celebrated orator.
Of the Doctor Don Geronirao de Rivas, treasurer and dignitary of the holy church of Popayan, provisor and ecclesiastical governor of that bishopric.
Of the Doctor Don Joseph de Renteria, assessor of the viceroyalties of Santa Fe and Lima, honorary oidor of the audience of Charcas : all of whom have borne testimony to the clearness and acuteness of their understandings and excellence of their dispositions. But for all the information on these subjects, we have to thank Don Manuel del Carapo, the son of the last mentioned, who resides in this court, and to whom the merits thus severally applied, unitedly belong.
The arms of this city are three imperial crowns with a sun, and its inhabitants amount to about 5000 or 6000 : 25 leagues n. e. of Popayan, in 4° 46' n. lat.
Cartago, another capital city, of the province of Costa Rica, in the kingdom of Guatemala, situate 10 leagues from the coast of the N. sea, and 17 from that of the S. in each of which it has a good port ; it was formerly rich and flourishing, on account of its commerce w ith Panama, Cartagena, Portobclo, and the Havanah ; but it is at the present day reduced to a miserable village of very few inhabitants, and without any commerce. It has, besides the parish church, a convent of monks of St. Francis, and is in 9° 42' s. lat.
Cartago, a river of the same province and government as is the former city : it runs w. and enters the S.sea, in the port of La Herradura.
Cartago, a bay in the province and government of Honduras, inhabited by the infidel Mosquitos Indians.
CARTAMA, a river of the province and government of Antioquia: it rises in the mountains of Choco, traverses the valley to which it gives its name, and running e. enters the Cauca.
CARTEL, a port of the coast of the province and government of Florida, opposite the castle of St. Augustin.
(CARTER, a new county in the state of Tennessee, formed of a part of the county of Washington.)
(CARTERET, a maritime county of New Bera district, N. Carolina, on Core and Pamlico sounds. It contains 3732 inhabitants, including 713 slaves. Beaufort is the chief town.)
Carteret, a district and jurisdiction of S. Carolina, on the sea-coast.
Carteret, a cape or extremity of the coast of the same province, and one of those which form Long bay. See Roman.
(CARTERSVILLE, a town in Powhatan county, Virginia, on the s. side of James rivtr, 4f miles above Richmond.)
CARUALLEDA, Nuestra Senora de, a city of the province and government of Venezuela, in the kingdom of Tierra Firme ; founded by Francis Faxardo in 1568, and not in 1560, as according to Coleti : it has a small but insecure port. The town is also a miserable place, having suffered much injury, a short time after its foundation, by the violent disturbances caused in its neighbourhood by the Governor Don Luis de Roxas : 80 leagues e. of Coro.
CARUALLO, a settlement of the province and captainship of Paraiba in Brazil, situate near the sea-coast, and on the shore of the river Camaratuba.
CARUGAMPU, a small river of the province and government of Paraguay ; it runs and enters the Parana between the rivers Capuy and Paranay.
CARUJAL, PUNTA DE, a point on the coast of the province and government of Cartagena, called
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also De Piedras ; at its top is, according to the account of Don J nan de la Cruz, the Bugio del Gato, which serves as a watch-tower, which others maintain is situate upon the point Canoa, just by its side.
CARUMAS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Mosquehua in Peru.
CARUPANO, a settlement of the province and government of Cumaná in the kingdom of Tierra Firme, on the sea-shore, at the cape of Tres Puntas i there are in its district 25 small estates of cacao, 35 of sugar-cane, a few of yucas and other fruits ; some of them belonging to its inhabitants, and others to tlie inhabitants of Margareta and Cumana.
CARUPARABAS, a nation of Indians but little known, who inhabit the woods and shores of the rivers which run into the Negro.
(CARVEL OF St. Thomas, a rock between the Virgin isles e. and Porto Rico on the w. at a small distance it appears like a sail, as it is white and lias two points. Between it and St. Thomas, passes Sir Francis Drake’s channel.)
(CARVEL, a township in Plymouth county, Massachussetts. Here is a pond with such plenty of iron ore, that 500 tons have been dragged out of the clear water in a year. They have a furnace upon a stream which runs from the pond ; and the iron made of this ore is better than that made out of bog ore, and some is almost as good as refined iron.)
(Carver’s River, a branch of St. Peter’s river, which empties into the Mississippi. See St. Pierre or Peter’s River.)
CASA, a settlement of the island of Joanes or Marajo, on the coast of Brazil, near the mouth of the great arm of the river Amazonas, on the e. coast.
CASABAMBA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Andahuailas in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Chincheros.
CASABLANCA, San Gabriel de, a settlement of the head settlement of Teutitlan, and alcaldia mayor of Cuicatlan, in Nueva Espana: it contains 34 families of Indians, who live by the commerce of salt from some saMnes which they have in their district, at about a league’s distance from this settlement ; here are also some crops of maize : it is of a hot temperature, and lies two leagues from its head settlement.
Casablanca, also with the dedicatory title of Santa Barbara, a town of the province and corregimiento of Quillota in the kingdom of Chile, situate on the coast : it formerly belonged to the jurisdiction of Valparaiso, from which it was separated.
CASACACHA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Paria in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Condocondo.
(CASACORES, a lake in Paraguay or La Plata in S. America, about 100 miles long.)
CASA-GRANDE, a town of the province and government of Sonora in Nueva Espana ; situate in the country of the Apaches Indians, on the shore of the large river of Gila.
CASAGULA, a snowy mountain or páramo of the province and corregimiento of Amboto in the kingdom of Quito.
CASANARE, a large river of the province and government of San Juan de los Llanos in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada ; on the shores of which are various settlements of the missions, which under this name were held at the expence of the regulars of the society of Jesuits, and which are at present under the care of the monks of St. Domingo : it rises in the paramos or mountain-deserts of Chita, of the district of the city of Pamplona, and after running many leagues, divides itself into two branches : the one, named the Uruhi, enters the Meta ; and the other, named the Sirapuco, enters the Orinoco, first receiving those of Purare and Tacoragua. To the w. of this river are the reducciones of the Pantos Indians, and to the n. those of the Pautes ; to the e. and upon a plain, is the river San Salvador, aftbrding an handy port for communication with the Meta and the Orinoco : it is afterwards entered by the river Tame, which pours into it in a large stream from the same sierras, and has upon its banks the two numerous nations, the reducciones of the Giraras and Botoyes Indians.
Casanare, some very extensive llanuras or plains which lie between the rivers Orinoco, Sinaruca, and Meta.
Casanare, a settlement of Indians, of the reducciones which were made by the regulars of the society of Jesuits, in the same province and government as the former river : it consists of the Achaguas Indians, being situate on the shore of that river, with a good and well-frequented port : it is fertile^ and abounds in maize, yucas, and above all in cattle : its natives, who are very numerous, employ themselves in making little trunks of cane neatly painted of various colours, and mats and sieves^ which they call manares : here are also some white inhabitants, and the reduccion is now under the care of the religion of St. Domingo.
CASANAY, a settlement of the province and government of Cumana in the kingdom of Tierra Firme, situate near the coast and the city of Cariaco.
CASAPA, a settlement of the missions which
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Were Held by the Jesuits, in the province and government of Paraguay ; situate almost to the s, of Villa Rica.
CASA-PIEDRA, Isla De, an island of the coast and kingdom of Brazil, and province and captainship of the Rio Janeiro, close to Cape Frio.
CASA-PIEDRA, a settlement of this province and kingdom ; situate near the coast and upon the shore of a river thus called.
Casa-Piedra, a river which runs s. s. e. in this province, and joins the sea very near Cape Frio.
==CASAPOEIRA, Bahia de, or De Barreras Bermejas==, a bay on the coast and in the captainship of Marañon, arid kingdom of Brazil, between the islands Ygirapa and Sipatuba.
CASARA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Andahuailas in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Chincheros.
Casara, another settlement of the province and corregimiento of Vilcas Huaman, also of Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Hualla.
CASARANI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Condesuyos de Arequipa in Peru.
CASARIDA, a settlement of the province and government of Maracaibo ; situate on the coast, at the mouth of the river of its name.
Casarida. This river rises near the coast, runs n. and enters the sea.
CASAS-GRANDES, an extensive and beautiful valley of the province of Los Apaches in Nueva España.
CASAUATAI, a river of the province and country of the Amazonas : it rises from the lake of the Gran Cocama, in 6 ° 48' s. hit. runs to the s. of the Maraiion, and following its course towards the n. for more than 25 leagues, runs e. to enter the Ucayale on its e. side, and afterwards to receive the waters of the Zapofe.
CASCABAMBA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Andahuailas in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Talavera.
CASCABELES, a river of the province and corregimiento of Pastos in the kingdom of Quito : it rises near the ruins of the city of Simancas, and enters the river Caqueta, where are also the ruins of the city of Mocoa.
CASCADE, a small river of country and land of Labrador : it runs s. between the rivers Bois and San Francisco, and enters the sea in the strait of Bellisle.
CASCAJAL, a river of the province and kingdom of Tierra Firme : it rises in the mountains of Portovelo, and runs into the sea through the bay of this city.
Cascajal, a settlement of the province and government of Cartagena ; situate on the shore of the river Cauca, in the district and jurisdiction of the town of Mompox.
CASCAJO, ISLA DEL, an island of the coast of the province and government of Cartagena, close to the island of Arenas.
Cascajo, a point of the s. coast of the island of Santo Domingo, in the French possessions : it lies between port Nonet and port Salud.
CASCARA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Parinacochas in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Lampa.
CASCAS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarca in Peru ; annexed to the curacy of Conturnaza ; in the district of which there is, at three leagues distance, a large piece of hewn stone of 13 yards long and three quarters of a yard wide on every face, particularly rough and unpolished.
Cascas, a large swamp of the province and government of San Juan de los Llanos, which is formed from different arms of the rivers Sarare and Apure, and communicates itself with the lake of Arechona ; both of these lakes being near the last river, and at the skirt of ihe paramo or mountain desert of Chisgas.
CASCAY, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Paucartambo in Peru.
CASCAYUNCA, an ancient province of Peru, to the n. e. of Cuzco, conquered by Tupac Yupanqui, twelfth Emperor.
(CASCO Bay, in the district of Maine, spreads n. w. between cape Elizabeth on the s. w. and cape Small Point on the n. e. Within these points, which are about 40 miles apart, are about 300 small islands, some of which are inhabited, and nearly all more or less cultivated. The land on these islands, and on the opposite coast on the main, is the best for agriculture of any on the sea-coast of this country. Casco includes several bays. Maquoit bay lays about 20 miles n. of cape Elizabeth. The waters of Casco extend several arms or creeks of salt water into the country. The waters go up Meadow’s river, where vessels of a considerable size are carried by the tide, and where it flows within one mile of the waters of Kennebeck. On the e. side of cape Elizabeth is the arm of the sea called Stroudwater. Farther e. is Presumpscot river, formerly called Presumpea, or Presumpkeag, which rises in Sebago Pond. This river opens to the waters of Casco bay on the e. of Portland ; its extent is not great, but it has several valuable mills upon it. Rayal’s river, called by the natives W estecustego, falls into the bay six miles from