441

CHI

rdistinguished for being very sure-footed and active.
The horned cattle have, through the favourable
temperature of the climate, acquired a larger size,
while their flesh has become better and more nu-
tritive ; the sheep imported from Spain retain a
wool as beautiful as that of the best Spanish sheep,
each sheep yielding annually from 10 to 15 lbs. of
wool ; they breed twice a-year, and have gene-
rally two at a birth. The common price of cattle
throughout the country is from three to four
filippi (fifteen or twenty francs), but in the sea-
ports the price is fixed by an ancient regulation,
at 10 crowns ; of which the commandant of the
port receives four, and the owner six.

The different kinds of trees known in Chile
amount to 97, and of these only 13 shed their
leaves : amongst the plants, there are 3000 not
mentioned in botanical works. _The melons here
are, according to Molina, three feet long, and the
only fruits unknown are medlars, service apples,
three-grained medlar, and the jujubre. Of the
indigenous worms, insects, &c. are 36 species,
andthetunicated cuttle-fish found here is of 150 lbs.
weight. There are 13 species of crabs and craw-
fish found on the sea-coast, and four species in the
fresh waters. There are 135 species ofland-birds,
and of quadrupeds 36, without those imported.
The various kinds of esculent fish found upon the
coast are computed by the fishermen at 76, the most
of them differing from those of the n. hemisphere,
and appearing to be peculiar to that sea.

Amongst the earths of this country is a clay
thought to be very analogous to kaolin of the
Chinese ; another kind called roro, producing an
excellent black dye, and represented by Feuille
and Frazier as superior to the best European
blacks. The membraneous mica^ otherwise Mus-
covy grass, is also found here in the greatest per-
fection, both as respects its transparency and the
size of its laminae ; of this substance the country
people manufacture artificial flowers, and like the
Russians, make use of it for glazing their houses.
The thin plates which are used for windows are by
many preferred to glass, from their being pliable
and less fragile, and possessing what appears to be
a peculiar property, of freely admitting the light
and a view of external objects to those within,
while persons without are prevented from seeing
any thing in the house.

22. Present revolution. — In Chile, the autho-
rity of the mother country has been superseded
by the aristocracy of the colony. The govern-
ment has fallen, peaceably and without resistance,
into the hands of the great Creole families, who

VPL. I,

CHI 441

seem hitherto to have used their power with tem-
per and moderation. See La PijAta.]

Chile, a river of the former kingdom, in the
district of Tolten Baxo. It runs w. and enters
the sea between the rivers Tolten and Budi.

Chile, a point of the coast of the province and
corregimienio of Arequipa,

Chile, a small island of the S. sea, in the same
province and corregimiento.

CHILENO, Paso del, a ford of the river
Jazegua, in the province and government of Buenos
Ayres, close to the river Cordobes.

CHILERIOS, a river of the province and go-
vernment of Buenos Ayres. It runs n. and cnler§
the river Negro.

CHILES, a settlement of the province and cor-
regimiento of Pasto in the kingdom of Quito.

[CHILHOWEE Mountain, in the s. e. part
of the state of Tennessee, and between it and the
Cherokee country.]

CHILIA, a settlement of the province and
corregimiento of Caxaraarquilla and Collay in
Peru,

CHILINTOMO, a mountain of the province
and government of Guayaquil in the kingdom of
Quito ; inhabited by some Indians, who, although
reduced to the Catholic faith, are nevertheless of
such vile habits as constantly to manifest how
deeply idolatry is rooted in them.

CHILI PUIN, a settlement of the province and
corregimiento of Chachapoyas in Peru.

[CHILISQUAQUE, a township on Susque-
hannah river, in Pennsylvania.]

CHILLAHUA, a settlement of the province
and corregimiento of Carangas in Peru, and of the
archbishopric of Charcas.

[CHILLAKOTHE, an Indian town on the
Great Miami, which was destroyed in 1782 by a
body of militia from Kentucky. General Harmar
supposes this to be the “ English Tawixtwi,” in
H utchins’s map. Here are the ruins of an old fort,
and on both sides of the river are extensive mea-
dows. This name is applied to many different
places, in honour of an influential chief who for-
merly headed the Shawanoes. See Tawixtwi.]

[Chillakothe, Old, is an Indian town des-
troyed by the forces of the United States in 1780.
It lies about three miles s. of Little Mimia river j
the country in its vicinity is of a rich soil, and is
beautifully chequered with meadows.]

CHILLAN, a city, the capital of the district
and corregimiento of this name in the kingdom of
Chile. It is very small and poor, although it
contains some families of distinction. It consists.

2h