C A X
C A X
343
from six to 20 feet diameter, worn almost perfectly
smooth, into the solid body of a rock.]
(CAVIANA, an island in S. America, towards
the n. w. side of Amazon river. Lat. 30' n.)
(CAVOGLIERO, a bay on the side of the
island of St. Domingo, at the mouth of the river
Romaine, 24 leagues e. of St. Domingo.)
CAXABAMBA, a settlement of the province
and corregimiento of Riobamba in the kingdom of
Quito.
Caxabamba, another settlement of the province
and corregimiento of Huamachuco in Peru.
CAXACAI, a settlement of the province and
corregimiento of Caxatambo in Peru.
CAXAMARCA, a province and corregimiento
of Peru, in the bishopric of Truxillo ; bounded
s. e. by the province of Caxamarquilla, e. by that
of Chachapoyas, n.w. by that of Luya and Chil-
Igos : all these three being situate at that part of
t^e Maranon which serves as a limit to this pro-
vince of Caxamarca. It is bounded ». by the pro-
vince of Jaen, n. w. by that of Piura, w. by that
of Saha and by a part of Truxillo, and s. by that
of Huamachuco. It is in length 40 leagues from
s. e. ion. w. ; and in breadth, or across, 36 leagues.
To enter it through the province of Truxillo, which
is the grand road, it is necessary to pass the cordil-
lera, which is not here so lofty as in the s. pro-
vinces. This province, however, abounds with
eminences which are branches of the cordillera;
and on account of the height and situation of
these, a great variety of temperature is experienced,
some parts being subject to an intense heat, and
others to , a severe cold. Thus it partakes of the
nature of the sierra, and its uneven figure no less
corresponds with it : but it is for the most part of a
good temperature, particularly in the capital. The
province abounds greatly in all kinds of fruits and
cattle : in it are fabricated cloths, baizes, blankets,
canvas for sails of ships, and cotton garments of a
Very fine and excellent quality. Formerly its prin-
cipal commerce was in swine ; at present it is not,
though these animals still abound in some parts.
It is watered by many rivers, of which those rising
on the w. side of the cordillera, as the Sana, Lam-
bay eque, and those passing through the province
of Truxillo, all enter the S. sea. The others,
amongst which that of the Criznejas is the largest,
incoporate themselves with the Maranon. On its
shores are lavaderos, or washing-places of gold;
and its rivers in general abound in very good and
wholesome fish. Besides the fruits and the pro-
ductions of every kind found in this province, it
has to boast many gold and silver mines, some of
which are worked. There a e also some of copper,
very fine lead, brimstone, and alcaparrosa. To-
wards the n. part, where it touches the province of
Jaen, are found some bark-trees, the production of
which, although not equal to the trees of Loxa, is
of the colour of heated copper, and possesses all
the virtues of the common bark. Here are also
many medicinal herbs, and amongst them the cele-
brated calagimla. In the time of the Indians, and
before the conquest, it was so well peopled that its
natives formed upwards of 500 settlements. At
present they amount to 46,000, being divided into
46 settlements. The capital bears the same title,
and the repartimiento of the corregidor used to
amount to 80,000 dollars, and it paid an alcavala
of 640 dollars per annum.
The settlements are.
Caxamarca, the ca-
pital,
Santa Catalina,
San Pedro,
San Joseph,
Cherillo,
Jesus,
Asuncion,
Contumaza,
Cascas,
Guzrnanga,
San Benito,
Trinidad de Chetu,
S. Francisco do
Cay an,
Santa Cruz,
Pion,
Santa Catalina de
Chugod,
San Pablo de Cha-
lique,
S. Luis de Tuniba-
din,
S. Bernardino de
S. Juan de Llallan,
Nepos,
Tinguis,
San Miguel de Pal-
laques,
Celedin,
Sorocucho,
San Marcos,
Catacachi,
Amarcucho,
Ichocan,
San Juan de Huam-
bos,
Cochabamba,
Llama,
Cachen,
Cutervo,
Queracoto,
Chachopin,
Tocmocha,
Zocota,
Todos Santos de
Chota,
Tacabamba,
Yauyucan.
its figure is
Nice,
The capital is large and handsome
irregular, and it is situate upon a level plainT The
houses are of clay, and the streets are wide and
straight. The parish church, Avhich has three
naves, is of finely worked stone, and the building
expences of it Avere defrayed by King Charles II.
in the time of the viceroy the Duke of La Palata,
in 1682. It has a parish of Spaniards, called
Santa Catalina ; two of Indians, which are San
Pedro and San Joseph ; two convents of the order
of St. Francis, one of the Observers, and another
of the Recoletans ; an hospital and a convent of
Bethlemites, a monastery of nuns of La Concepcion,
an house of entertainment of Nuestra Senora de
EN