380

380

CHI

CHETU, Santissima Trinidad de, a settle-
ment of the province and corregimiento of Caxa-
marca in Peru.

CHEUELUS, or CHAVELOS, a barbarous nation
of Indians of the country of Marañon, who inhabit
the woods bordeiing upon the river Aguarico, to
the e. and in the vicinity of the lakes. They
arc warlike, of a cruel and treacherous nature, and
in eternal enmity with their neighbours. M. de la
Martiniere will have it, that the name Chavelos is
derived from the French wovd chevezLV, the men
and the women both allowing and encouraging the
growth of their hair till it reaches down to the
waist ; supposing, forsooth, that these Indians
must either have known French when they were
discovered, or that their discoverers, at all events,
must have been French.

CHEURA, a river of the province and govern-
ment of Esmeraldas in the kingdom of Quito.
It runs w. ?z. e. and e. washing the country of the
ancient Esmeraldas Indians: it afterwards entersthe
river of its name on the e. side, in lat. 1° 23' n.

CHEWOCHEE, a settlement of North Caro-
lina ; situate on the skirt of the mountains of Tcl-
liquo.

CHIA, a settlement of the corregimiento of Zi-
paquira in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; cele-
brated in the time of the Indians for having been
the title of the kings ox npas of Bogota; the in-
vestiture of which dignity was always transferred
with the greatest possible solemnity. It is of a very
cold temperature, although salutary ; and is
situate on a beautiful plain, on the shore of the
river Bogota, four leagues to the n. of Santa F6.

CHIAMILA, a head settlement of the alcaldía
mayor of Motines in Nueva España, contains SO
families of Indians.

CHIAMOTO. See Seyota.

CHIANTLA, a settlement of the province and
nlcaldia mayor of Chiapa in the kingdom of Gua-
temala.

CHIAPA, a province and alcaldia mayor of the
kingdom of Guatemala ; bounded on the«. by the
province of Tabasco, c. by that of Vera Paz, w.
by that of Oaxaca of Nueva Espaha, and s. e. by
that of Soconusco. It extends 85 leagues from e.
to w. and is nearly 30 across at its widest part.
It was conquered by Captain Diego Marariegos
in 1531 : is divided into districts or alcaldias
mayores^ which are those of Zoques, Chontales,
Los Llanos, and Xiquipila ; is of a warm and
moist temperature, although it has some parts in
which the cold predominates. Its woods abound
with large trees of pine, cypress, cedar, and wal-
nut; and of others of a resinous kind, from which

CHI

are extracted aromatic gums, balsams, and liquid
amber, tacamaca, copal, &c. It produces also, in
abundance, maize, swine, honey, cotton, cochi-
neal, which is only made use of for the purpose
of dyeing the cotton ; also cacao, and much pepper
and achoie, or the heart-leaved bixa'; also vfirious
kinds of domestic and wild birds, especially par-
rots, which are very beautiful and highly esteemed ;
a small bird, called tolo, less than a young pigeon,
with green wings ; this is caught by the Indians,
who pluck from its tail some feathers, Avhich they
prize highly, and then restoring it to liberty; it
being a capital offence, according to their laws, to
destroy it. The sheep, goats, and pigs, which
have been brought from Europe, have multipled
in this province in a most extraordinary manner ;
so also have horses, which are of such an esteemed
breed, that the colts are taken from hence to Mex-
ico, a distance of 500 miles. In the woods breed
many lions, leopards, tigers, and wild boars,
a great number of snakes, some being 20 feet in
length, and others of a beautiful crimson colour,
streaked with black and white. Tlie territory is,
for the most part, rugged and mountainous, and
watered by different rivers : none of these, how-
ever, are of any particular consideration, although
that which bears the name of this province is the
medium by which the aforesaid productions are
carried to the other provinces ; and although this
province may be accounted comparatively poor,
from being without mines of gold or silver, it is
nevertheless of the greatest importance, as being
the outwork or barrier to New Spain, from the fa-
cility with which this kingdom might be entered
by the river Tabasco. The capital is the royal
city of Chiapa, situate on a delightful plain. It
is the head of a bishopric, erected in 1538; and
has for arms a shield, upon which arc two sierras,
with a river passing between them : above the
one is a golden castle, with a lion rampant upon it ;
and above the other a green palm, bearing fruit,
and another lion, the whole being upon a red field.
These arms were granted by the Emperor Charles
V. in 1535. The cathedral is very beautiful. It
contains three convents of the order of St. Francis,
La Merced, and St. Domingo ; a monastery of
nuns, and five hermitages. Its population is
scanty and poor, and the principal commerce con-
sists in cocoa-nuts, cotton, wool, sugar, cochineal,
and other articles. Its nobility, although poor, are
very proud, as having descended from some an-
cient families of the first nobility of Spain ; such
as those of Mendoza, Velasco, Cortes, &c. The
women suffer great debility at the stomach on ac-
count of the excessive heat, ami they can never

CHETU, Santísima Trinidad de, Pueblo de la Provincia y Corregimiento de Caxamarca en el Perú.

CHEURA, Río] de la Provincia y Gobierno de Esmeraldas en el Reyno de Quito: corre al NE y al E, bañando el Pais de los antiguos Indios Esmeraldas, y luego entra en el río de este nombre por su parte oriental en 1. gr. 23 min. de lat. bor.

CHEUELUS Chávelos, Nación bárbara de indios del País del Marañon: habita en las selvas inmediatas al río Aguarico al Levante, y en las inmediaciones de las lagunas: son belicosos, de genio cruel y traidores, y viven en guerra continua eon sus confinantes. Mr. de la Martiniere da la etimología del nombre Chávelos de la voz francesa Cheveux, porque así las mugeres como los hombres se dexan crecer el pelo hasta la cintura, como si estos Indios supieran el Francés quando se descubrieron, o sus descubridores hubieran sido Franceses.

CHEUUOCHEE, Pueblo de la Carolina Septentrional, situado a la falda de los montes de Telliquo.

CHIA, Pueblo del Corregimiento de Zipaquira en el Nuevo Reyno de Granada, célebre en tiempo de los Indios, por haber sido el título de los Reyes 6 Zipas de Bogotá, de que se le daba eon la mayor solemnidad la investidura: es de temperamento muy frío, pero muy saludable, situado en un hermoso llano, a orilla del río Bogotá 4 leguas de Santa Fe al N.

CHIAMILA, Pueblo y Cabecera de la Alcaldía mayor de Motines en Nueva España: tiene 30 familias de Indios.

CHIAMOTO, Véase Seyota.

CHIANTLA, Pueblo de la Provincia y Alcaldía mayor de Chiapa en el Reyno de Goatemala.

CHIAPA, Provincia y Alcaldía mayor del Reyno de Goatemala: confina por el N con la de Tabasco, por el E con la de Vera Paz, por el O con la de Oaxaca de Nueva España, y por el SE con la de Soconusco: se extiende 85 leguas de Levante a Poniente, y casi 30 por donde se estrecha mas: la conquistó el Capitán Diego Mazariegos el año de 1 5 3 1; divídese en quatro partidos 6 Alcaldías mayores, que son de los Zoques, Chontales, los Llanos y Xiquipila: es de temperamento caliente y húmedo, aunque también tiene algunos parages fríos: abunda en sus bosques de grandes árboles de pino, ciprés, cedro y nogal, y de otros resinosos de que sacan gomas aromáticas, bálsamos y ámbar líquida, tacamaca, copal, ctamp;: produce asimismo con abundancía maíz, ganado de cerda, miel, algodón y grana, que se da sin beneficio, y solo la aprovechan para teñir el algodón; algún cacao y mucha pimienta y achote, varias especies de aves domésticas y silvestres, y con particularidad papagayos, que son hermosísimos y muy estimados, y un paxarillo llamado toto, mas pequeño que un pichón, que tiene las alas verdes, y cogen los Indios por aprovechar las plumas de la cola que aprecian, y luego lo vuelven a dexar en libertad, teniendo por delito capital, según sus leyes, el matarlo: el ganado de ovejas, cabras y cerdos que se llevó de Europa ha multiplicado en esta Provincia extraordinariamente, y lo mismo los caballos, de que hay una raza tan apreciada, que llevan los potros a México, sin embargo de distar 500 millas: en los bosques se crian muchos leones, leopardos, tigres y javalíes, gran número de culebras, algunas de 20 pies de largo, y otras de un hermoso color encarnado, estriadas de blanco y negro: por lo general el terreno es áspero y montuoso: lo riegan diferentes nos; pero ninguno de consideración, aunque el que tiene su nombre le facilita el comercio con las demás Provincias de los frutos referidos, y sin embargo que se mira como pobre porque no tiene minas de oro ni plata, es de suma importancia, como antemural de la Nueva España, por la facilidad coa que se puede internar a ésta por el río de Tabasco: la Capital es:
Ciudad Real de Chiapa, situada en una deliciosa llanura: es Cabeza de Obispado, erigido por Paulo III el año de 1538: tiene por armas un Escudo, dentro del qual hay dos sierras con un río que pasa por en medio; encima de la una un Castillo de oro y un León rapante arrimado a él, y en la otra una Palma verde con fruta y otro León, todo sobre campo encarnado, las quales le concedió el Emperador el año de 1 535: la Catedral es muy hermosa: tiene 3 Conventos de Religiosos de San Francisco, de la Merced y de Santo Domingo; un Monasterio de Religiosas y 5 Ermitas: su población es corta y pobre, y el principal comercio de cocos, algodón, lana, azúcar, cochinilla y otras mercancías: su nobleza, aunque pobre, conserva mucha vanidad de descender de las familias de la primera nobleza de España, como Mendoza, Velase0, Cortés, etc. Las mugeres padecen mucha debilidad de estómago por el gran calor, y así no pueden

380

CHI

CHETU, Santissima Trinidad de, a settle-
ment of the province and corregimiento of Caxa-
marca in Peru.

CHEUELUS, or CHAVELOS, a barbarous nation
of Indians of the country of Marañon, who inhabit
the woods bordeiing upon the river Aguarico, to
the e. and in the vicinity of the lakes. They
arc warlike, of a cruel and treacherous nature, and
in eternal enmity with their neighbours. M. de la
Martiniere will have it, that the name Chavelos is
derived from the French wovd chevezLV, the men
and the women both allowing and encouraging the
growth of their hair till it reaches down to the
waist ; supposing, forsooth, that these Indians
must either have known French when they were
discovered, or that their discoverers, at all events,
must have been French.

CHEURA, a river of the province and govern-
ment of Esmeraldas in the kingdom of Quito.
It runs w. ?z. e. and e. washing the country of the
ancient Esmeraldas Indians: it afterwards entersthe
river of its name on the e. side, in lat. 1° 23' n.

CHEWOCHEE, a settlement of North Caro-
lina ; situate on the skirt of the mountains of Tcl-
liquo.

CHIA, a settlement of the corregimiento of Zi-
paquira in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; cele-
brated in the time of the Indians for having been
the title of the kings ox npas of Bogota; the in-
vestiture of which dignity was always transferred
with the greatest possible solemnity. It is of a very
cold temperature, although salutary ; and is
situate on a beautiful plain, on the shore of the
river Bogota, four leagues to the n. of Santa F6.

CHIAMILA, a head settlement of the alcaldía
mayor of Motines in Nueva España, contains SO
families of Indians.

CHIAMOTO. See Seyota.

CHIANTLA, a settlement of the province and
nlcaldia mayor of Chiapa in the kingdom of Gua-
temala.

CHIAPA, a province and alcaldia mayor of the
kingdom of Guatemala ; bounded on the«. by the
province of Tabasco, c. by that of Vera Paz, w.
by that of Oaxaca of Nueva Espaha, and s. e. by
that of Soconusco. It extends 85 leagues from e.
to w. and is nearly 30 across at its widest part.
It was conquered by Captain Diego Marariegos
in 1531 : is divided into districts or alcaldias
mayores^ which are those of Zoques, Chontales,
Los Llanos, and Xiquipila ; is of a warm and
moist temperature, although it has some parts in
which the cold predominates. Its woods abound
with large trees of pine, cypress, cedar, and wal-
nut; and of others of a resinous kind, from which

CHI

are extracted aromatic gums, balsams, and liquid
amber, tacamaca, copal, &c. It produces also, in
abundance, maize, swine, honey, cotton, cochi-
neal, which is only made use of for the purpose
of dyeing the cotton ; also cacao, and much pepper
and achoie, or the heart-leaved bixa'; also vfirious
kinds of domestic and wild birds, especially par-
rots, which are very beautiful and highly esteemed ;
a small bird, called tolo, less than a young pigeon,
with green wings ; this is caught by the Indians,
who pluck from its tail some feathers, Avhich they
prize highly, and then restoring it to liberty; it
being a capital offence, according to their laws, to
destroy it. The sheep, goats, and pigs, which
have been brought from Europe, have multipled
in this province in a most extraordinary manner ;
so also have horses, which are of such an esteemed
breed, that the colts are taken from hence to Mex-
ico, a distance of 500 miles. In the woods breed
many lions, leopards, tigers, and wild boars,
a great number of snakes, some being 20 feet in
length, and others of a beautiful crimson colour,
streaked with black and white. Tlie territory is,
for the most part, rugged and mountainous, and
watered by different rivers : none of these, how-
ever, are of any particular consideration, although
that which bears the name of this province is the
medium by which the aforesaid productions are
carried to the other provinces ; and although this
province may be accounted comparatively poor,
from being without mines of gold or silver, it is
nevertheless of the greatest importance, as being
the outwork or barrier to New Spain, from the fa-
cility with which this kingdom might be entered
by the river Tabasco. The capital is the royal
city of Chiapa, situate on a delightful plain. It
is the head of a bishopric, erected in 1538; and
has for arms a shield, upon which arc two sierras,
with a river passing between them : above the
one is a golden castle, with a lion rampant upon it ;
and above the other a green palm, bearing fruit,
and another lion, the whole being upon a red field.
These arms were granted by the Emperor Charles
V. in 1535. The cathedral is very beautiful. It
contains three convents of the order of St. Francis,
La Merced, and St. Domingo ; a monastery of
nuns, and five hermitages. Its population is
scanty and poor, and the principal commerce con-
sists in cocoa-nuts, cotton, wool, sugar, cochineal,
and other articles. Its nobility, although poor, are
very proud, as having descended from some an-
cient families of the first nobility of Spain ; such
as those of Mendoza, Velasco, Cortes, &c. The
women suffer great debility at the stomach on ac-
count of the excessive heat, ami they can never